Abaarta iyo Aayaha reer Guuraaga.

 Abaarta iyo Aayaha reer Guuraaga.

Abaartu waa mid ka mid ah dhibaatooyinka deegaan ee aduunka oo dhan ka jiro, waxaa lagu tiriyaa musiibooyinka dabiiciga ah ee biyaha la xariira (Hydrological Disasters). Waxa ay qeyb ka tahay isbedelka cimilada ee aduunka faraha ba'an ku haaya. Abaartu waa muddada roob la'aanta oo dheeraata, sababna u noqota biyo la'aan baahda taas oo dadka, deegaanka iyo duuyadaba saameyn xun ku reebta. Waa musiibo dabiici ah, sidoo kale dadka ayaa sababaheeda kaalin ku yeesha, ma ahan wax la baajin karo, waxaase lagula tacaalaa u toog hayn iyo ka tabaabushaysi, si wax yeeladeeda loo baajiyo.

Abaartu waxa ay ka dhacdaa aduunka oo dhan waxaase kala duwan soo noqnoqadka ( Drought frequency) iyo wax yeelada ay dadyowga ku reebto, taa oo ku xiran kala gedisnaanta duruufaha nololeed [Heerka nuglaanshaha] ee dadka iyo deegaanku ku suganyihiin. Africa waa meelaha ay abaartu sida xun u saameyso sababa la xariira cimilada qaaradda, dhaqaalaheeda oo isbedelka cimilada u nugul iyo dib u dhaca nololeed ee dadkeedu ku suganyihiin. Si gaar ahna Geeska Afrika waxa uu ka mid yahay goballada ugu saboolsan, uguna jilicsan adduunka, waxa uu safka hore uga jiraa, meelaha abaaruhu sida ba'an u saameeyaan, marka loo fiirsho sooyaalka abaarahii dhacay. In ka badan 36 milyan oo qof ayay saameysay abaartii ka dhacday: Soomaaliya, Kenya iyo Itoobiya, 2020kii. Bulshooyinka xoola-dhaqatada reer guuraaga ah, ayaa ah kuwa ugu nugul ee abaartu wax yeeleyso.

Dhulka soomaalida oo cimilo ahaan kulul, lama-degaan u eka ama oommane ah, dhaqaalo ahaan waxa ay dadkeenu ku tiirsanyihiin beeraha iyo xoolaha. Bulsho ahaan soomaalidu waa xoolo-dhaqato reerguuraa ah sida suugaanta iyo sooyaalka soomaalida ku xusan, wax-soo-saarka xoolaha iyo beeruhu waa ilaha ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqaalaha iyo hab-nololeedka soomaalida. Bulshada miyiga ku dhaqan waxa ay leedahay Hab-nololeed ku jaan ga'an dhaqashada meesinada xoolaha iyo in yar oo beero roob ku bax ah (Rainfed agriculture) tacbato. Biyaha iyo baadka ayaa ah halbeeg soo jireena iyo habraac noloshooda agaasima, waxaa hadba reerka loogu sahanshaan meeshii labadaas lagu malayn karo. Nolosha bulshadaasi Waxa ay u dhaxayasaa labo xilli oo kala ah: Aaran iyo Abaar.

Kaalintaas adag ee bulshada reer guuraaga ahi lahayd ( dhaqan-dhaqaale ahaan), waxaa ragaadiyay aafooyinka abaaraha is dabajoog ah ee cagta mariyay dhaqaalihihii bulshada reerguuraaga ah ee dhowrka meesin ahaa. Waxaa abaarta u dhinta tirooyin xoolo ah, nugulku haba ugu badnaadee, inta hartana waa qiimo dhacaan, waxaa lagu iibiyaa qiimo hoose, taas oo ay ugu wacantahay, saamaynta taban oo ay abaartu ku reebtay dhammaan khayraadka ay reer-guuraagu ku tiirsanyihiin sida: biyaha, dhul-daaqsimeedka, caafimaadka xoolaha, caanaha, hilibka iyo wax-soo-saarka dalagga, taasi waxa ay uga sii dartay faqriga, cunto yarida, barakaca, sicir bararka, ammaan-darrada iyo colaadaha dalka horaba ugu jiray. Waxaa gabaabsi noqday biyaha iyo baadkii noloshada dadka iyo duunyada u aas-aaska ahaa. Waxaa nacfi yareeyay xoolihii lagu dhaqnaa, taa oo hoos u dhac ku keentay dhaqaalihihii bulshada ee dhowrka meesin ahaa.  

Soo noqnoqodka semen-xumaadka abaaraha is xigxiga ka dhashay, ayaa dhaliyay saameyn dhaqaale, bulsho iyo mid deegaan, taas oo keentay barakac aan loo kala harin, waxaana sidaa ku soo dumaya noloshii reerguuraaga miyiga ku dhaqnaa. Barakacaasi waxa uu culays hor ku keenay magaalooyinka, waxaa batay sicirbararka, shaqo la'aantii, tuugsiga iyo tuugada.

Marka la isu geeyo dhibaatooyinkaas baaxadda leh iyo tayodhaca deegaanka ku socda, ee leh: kororka tuulooyinka, dhuxulaysiga, nabaad guurka, dhir jaridda, daaqa xad-dhaafka ah, carro guurka, wasaqowga, iwm, waxaa khatar ku jira, sii jiraalka nolosha miyiga iyo wax soo saarkeeda dhaqaale. 

Si taa looga hortagaa waxaa laga ma maarmaan ah inla helo xeelado khatarta musiibadaa lagu yarayn karo, sida: fulinta mashaariic kor loogu qaadayo la qabsiga abaaraha ee bulshada, maaraynta biyaha, hirgelinta wakaalado ka shaqeyo maamulka dhuldaaqsimeedka, maalgelinta warshado ama beero calafka xoolaha soo saara, casriyeynta tabaha xoola dhaqashada iyo beerashada iyada oo laga faa'iidaysanayo tignoolajiyada casiriga ah.

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